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MS Estonia
MS ''Estonia'', previously ''Viking Sally'' (1980–1990), ''Silja Star'' (−1991), and ''Wasa King'' (−1993), was a cruise ferry built in 1979/80 at the German shipyard Meyer Werft in Papenburg. The ship sank in 1994 in the Baltic Sea in one of the worst maritime disasters of the 20th century.〔Boesten, E. (2006): The M/S Estonia Disaster and the Treatment of Human Remains. In: Bierens, J.J.L.M. (ed.): ''Handbook on Drowning'': 650–652. ISBN 978-3-540-43973-8.〕 It is the deadliest shipwreck disaster to have occurred within Europe in peacetime, costing 852 lives.
==Construction==
The ship was originally ordered from Meyer Werft by a Norwegian shipping company led by Parley Augustsen with intended traffic between Norway and Germany. At the last moment, the company withdrew their order and the contract went to Rederi Ab Sally, one of the partners in the Viking Line consortium (SF Line, another partner in Viking Line, had also been interested in the ship).
Originally the ship was conceived as a sister ship to ''Diana II'', built in 1979 by the same shipyard for Rederi AB Slite, the third partner in Viking Line. However, when Sally took over the construction contract, the ship was lengthened from the original length of approximately to approximately and the superstructure of the ship was largely redesigned.〔
Meyer Werft had constructed a large number of ships for various Viking Line partner companies during the 1970s. Worth noting is the new ship's bow construction, which consisted of an upwards-opening visor and a car ramp that was placed inside the visor when it was closed. An identical bow construction had also been used in ''Diana II''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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